Journal of Health Promotion and Service Management

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR TOWARDS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN MUARA BATANG EMPU VILLAGE NORTH MUSIRAWAS REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATRA PROVINCE

Mega Octavia, Pinasti Utami, Delka Okta Berto — Thu, 12 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In early 2020, all countries reported news about the spreading of a new virus (SARS-CoV-2) called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus is a group of viruses that can cause animal or human diseases. This virus causes human respiratory tract infections. The level of knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and behavior of the community towards preventing the spread and transmission of this virus are the main factors in efforts to avoid this coronavirus. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and awareness and the community's attitudes and behavior towards the pandemic of COVID-19 in the estuary Batang Empu village. Methods: This research was conducted in Muara Batang Empu Village from September to November. The method of this research was cross-sectional with a random sampling technique. The tools used to collect information about the level of knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and behavior with the questionnaire and to see the relationship by Spearman rank test and to know the strength of the relationship with the correlation coefficient. Result: 152 respondents fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After the data are obtained, analyzed the results with rank Spearman. The results of the correlation between the level of knowledge and awareness with the people's attitudes and behavior with a significant value are 0.000 (p <0.005), which means there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and awareness with the attitudes and behavior of the community towards the pandemic of COVID-19 in Muara Batang Empu Village. The correlation coefficient value between the level of knowledge and attitude is 0.485, the level of knowledge with behavior is 0.331, the awareness with attitude is 0.483, and the awareness with behavior is 0.379. Conclusions: The correlation coefficient value shows a strong enough correlation between the level of knowledge and awareness of the people's attitudes and behavior towards the pandemic of COVID-19 in the village of Muara Batang Empu.

POLPHARMACY AMONG GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN ASEAN COUNTRIES: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW

Thu, 12 Jan 2023 16:37:55 +0000

Geriatric patients often face a variety of health conditions that can affect their overall quality of life with the elderly being more susceptible to common chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, dementia, and others. This in turn, makes geriatric patients more likely to receive polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is the regular use of five or more medications. Polypharmacy raises concern due to multiple factors. It increases the likelihood of drug-to-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions which is an increased risk due to geriatric patients’ reduced drug clearance and metabolic changes. Polypharmacy also increases the likelihood of non-adherence and poor medication compliance. It affects quality of life and incurs additional drug expenses. This article reviews studies regarding polypharmacy among geriatric patients among countries in The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The Southeast Asian countries this review focuses on are in particular: Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, and Thailand. The review found that polypharmacy was found to be prevalent in all aforementioned countries. The studies show that polypharmacy is associated with an increase in age, increase in number of chronic diseases or comorbidities. Multiple studies also pointed out associations between polypharmacy, unnecessary drug therapy, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Another recurring theme throughout the different studies in the different countries is the effect of polypharmacy on medication adherence, with polypharmacy decreasing adherence, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Moreover, as the negative consequences of polypharmacy become more apparent, there are emerging studies that show doctors and pharmacists moving towards deprescribing medications, a trend found more common in senior doctors than junior doctors.

A REVIEW ON THE PERCEPTION AND AWARENESS OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS ON PHARMACOVIGILANCE

Thu, 12 Jan 2023 16:48:47 +0000

The rising demand for the provision of timely information on the safety and effectiveness of health products to the general public has led to the evaluation of the perception and awareness of healthcare professionals on Pharmacovigilance. In this article review, researchers examine different sources to assess the current state of understanding regarding the perception and cognition of various healthcare professionals, specifically doctors, pharmacists, and nurses, that play a direct role in pharmacovigilance activities. Deliberation on the current perception and awareness of healthcare professionals on Pharmacovigilance exhibits a high percentage of doctors are either fully aware or have heard of Pharmacovigilance. Some articles even reported that practitioners involved in the studies know ADRs and their role in monitoring and writing them. In other studies, despite the high percentage of respondents being aware or having heard of Pharmacovigilance, most need to learn how to report or obtain forms for reporting ADRs. Further studies also included respondents' attitudes toward reporting an ADR, showing that most respondents prefer to report ADRs voluntarily. Moreover, regarding the awareness and perception of pharmacists, most of the articles show that pharmacists have strong awareness regarding ADR reporting due to more knowledge about Pharmacovigilance and are eager to use it in their clinical practice. While other studies also infer that a more significant percentage of pharmacists do not know about Pharmacovigilance. On the other hand, articles discussing nurses concluded that ADR reports by clinical nurses are comparable in quality and number to those submitted by physicians or pharmacists. At the same time, some indicate an insufficient knowledge of ADR reporting procedures. However, most studies concluded that nurses consider ADR reporting significant and are aware of Pharmacovigilance. With these results, the researchers concluded that despite some having a low understanding of ADRs, most healthcare professionals are aware of ADR reporting.

PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICE IN INDONESIA: AN ASTHMA CARE

Aris Widayati, Putu Dyana Christasani, Erna Tri Wulandari — Fri, 13 Jan 2023 11:02:26 +0000

Objective: This research aims to self-assess pharmaceutical care service in asthma disease among the Indonesia pharmacists.

Methods: An invitation letter was sent to 103 targeted pharmacists who work at hospitals, primary health center, and community pharmacy in Yogyakarta Province Indonesia. Data were gathered using a self-assessment questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured based on the national guideline of asthma from the Indonesia Ministry of Health. It contained 27 questions. Participants were asked to self-assess their activities on asthma services using scores: 0 for no activity, 2 for seldom, 4 for often, 6 for always. Data were analyzed descriptively.

Key findings: Response rate was 92.2% (95 participants of 103 invitations). Five data were excluded; thus, 90 data sets were analyzed. There were 64% community pharmacists, 19% hospital pharmacists, and 17% primary health care pharmacists. The highest to the lowest scores of the services are as follows: prescription assessment (score mean: 3.3); providing information on asthma medicines (3.0); equipping with adequate communication skill and asthma knowledge (2.7); therapy monitoring (2.3); delivering education on asthma disease (2.2); self-quality assurance (1.7). “The top five of activities” among 27 self-assessed items are: giving advice for patient’s complaint, providing information on the use of asthma medicines, checking legality and legibility of prescriptions, practicing good communication skill, and considering patients’ socio-economic background to communicate with patients.

Conclusions: Performance of pharmaceutical care service to asthma patients in this study is still limited. Self-assessment could be developed as a platform of quality assurance activity of pharmaceutical care practice.